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Caiafa & Company, LLC

12 hours ago

Debt Relief and Taxes

What everyone should know
Negotiating to decrease or zero out a credit card bill or other loan balance can help relieve a tough financial situation, but it can also give way to an unexpected tax bill. Here's a quick review of various debt cancellation situations and how they impact your your taxes.
• Consumer debt. If you have a credit card balance or loan forgiven, be prepared to receive IRS Form 1099-C representing the amount of debt cancelled. The IRS considers that amount taxable income to you, and they expect to see it reported on your tax return. However, if you’ve filed for bankruptcy or have liabilities that exceed your assets, then you may not need to report a cancelled debt as taxable income.
• Primary home. If your home is short sold or foreclosed and the lender receives less than the total amount of the outstanding loan, expect that amount of debt cancellation to be reported to you and the IRS. But special rules allow you to exclude up to $2 million in cancellation income in many circumstances. You’ll need to fill out paperwork to report this special homeowner exclusion to the IRS, but the end result can be a generous tax break for you and your family.
• Student loans. While this topic has generated plenty of recent headlines, the basics of student loan forgiveness have remained essentially the same. If your school closes while enrolled or soon after you withdraw, you may be eligible to discharge your federal student loan and not include the forgiven amount as taxable income. And if you are able to take advantage of the recent student loan forgiveness provision under the American Rescue Plan Act of 2021, your cancellation may be exempt from federal tax. The challenge, though, is that recent forgiveness programs are still being challenged in court AND your state may still wish to tax the loan forgiveness.
• Second home, rental property, investment property, & business property. The rules for debt cancellation on second homes, rental property, and investment or business property can be extremely complicated. Given your cost of these properties, your financial condition, and the amount of debt cancelled, it’s still possible to have this debt cancellation taxed at a preferred capital gains rate, or even considered not taxable at all.
Each of these themes have one thing in common – the tax laws can be complicated and you will probably need help navigating your situation.

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Caiafa & Company, LLC

3 days ago

Early Mortgage Payoff: Small Payments Can Save You Big Money

Small payments can save you big money when paying off your mortgage.
With 30-year fixed rates reaching levels not seen in 25 years, adding even just a little extra to your monthly payment can significantly cut down on the interest you pay over the life of your mortgage.
Here are several different scenarios to illustrate how much interest you can save by slightly increasing each monthly payment.

Base scenario and assumptions
Here’s the assumptions used for this base scenario:
• Average U.S. home price ($420,800) and mortgage rate (7.50%) for early 3rd quarter of 2024
• Average U.S. downpayment of 10%
• House financed using a 30-year fixed rate mortgage
• Monthly payment includes principal and interest payments only; it does not include other expenses typically bundled with monthly payments, such as property taxes, homeowners insurance, and mortgage insurance premiums
With no additional money tacked on to your monthly payment, you would pay $574,583 in interest over the course of your 30 year mortgage in this base scenario.
To buy this house for $420,800, you would end up paying just shy of $1 million after adding $574,583 of interest charges!
None of us wants to pay $1 million for a $420,000 house. So let’s take a look at the following scenarios to find out how much interest expense you can save by increasing your monthly payments by a small amount.
Here's a summary of the base scenario's assumptions compared with how much interest you can save, and how much faster you'll pay off your mortgage, in each of the following examples.

Example #1: An Extra $100 Per Month
Adding an extra $100 to your monthly mortgage payment would save you $81,902 in interest expense and cut down on the time to pay off your mortgage by 3½ years.

Example #2: An Extra Lump-Sum at Years 5, 15 & 25
In this example, let’s assume you make an additional lump-sum payment of $5,000 in years 5, 15, and 25 of your mortgage.
While you wouldn’t save that much extra time paying off your mortgage in this scenario, you’ll still end up pocketing nearly $37,000 just by making three lump-sum payments over the course of your mortgage.

Example #3: An Extra $200 Per Month
If you can afford an extra $100 per month to put towards your mortgage, why not try for $200 a month? This is where the math starts to get fun. Adding $200 a month helps pay off your mortgage 6 years sooner and saves you $140,000 in interest expense.

Every little bit helps
Even adding an extra $10 per month can save you nearly $10,000 over the course of your mortgage. That’s a lot of money that goes into your bank account instead of your bank’s bank account!
Paying off your mortgage early and cutting down how much interest you pay over the course of your mortgage doesn’t require a lot of money. Whether it’s $100 or $10 a month, every little bit can help on your quest towards a better financial future for you and your family.

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Caiafa & Company, LLC

6 days ago

Banks Won't Always Save You from Scams

It's easy to feel secure about the money you deposit with a bank you’ve come to trust. After all, most banks and credit unions offer certain levels of protection against fraudulent transactions.
Banks, however, won’t protect you against all types of fraud.
Here’s a look at the protections that banks and credit unions usually provide to their customers – and which situations where you’ll likely be on your own.

When a Bank Usually Protects You
For credit cards, banks usually provide zero liability on any unauthorized charges.
Debit cards also provide protection against fraudulent purchases, but there may be limitations depending on which financial institution issued your card. According to federal law, here is the maximum amount of fraudulent transactions you'll be responsible for depending on when you notify your bank that your card is lost or stolen:
• Immediately notify your bank before any unauthorized charges are made: Zero liability
• Within two business days: Up to $50
• After two business days but within 60 days: Up to $500
• Fail to notify within 60 days: Unlimited

When a Bank Usually WON’T Protect You
Unfortunately, there are many types of scams that banks won’t reimburse you for if someone steals your money. Here are some of the more common scams:
• You are scammed into moving money out of your account and into another person's account.
• A hacker uses lies to convince you to make a bank transfer into a cryptocurrency wallet.
• You liquidate your retirement funds and send the money to someone else for any reason, even if you were conned into it.
• You make a person-to-person transfer to another individual using an online payment app, and that transfer doesn't come with any type of purchase protection.

How to Protect Yourself from Common Banking Scams
Here’s how to protect yourself from getting scammed:
• Don't communicate about your accounts unless you initiate the conversation. If someone calls about your bank account, hang up and call the financial institution directly using your normal means of contact.
• Never share your information. Don’t share account details or personal information online or over the phone, especially if you were asked to share these details in a phone call you didn’t initiate or via email.
• Tell someone. Scammers try to isolate you from family members and friends. If you're unsure about a banking transaction you plan to make, or you wonder if you're being victimized, tell someone you trust about the situation.
• Ask your bank for help. Bank tellers are trained to spot the early signs of fraudulent transactions. If you're making a bank transfer and feel unsure about the situation, explain it to a teller or bank representative and ask for their help.
• Report the incident. Whether you unfortunately got scammed or you spotted the attempted scam before withdrawing any money, submit a report of the situation by visiting ReportFraud.ftc.gov.

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Caiafa & Company, LLC

2 weeks ago

Expand Your Professional Vocabulary

In our fast-moving world, using concise yet descriptive words and phrases can be very powerful when communicating important thoughts and ideas.

While the term can incite eye-rolls if overused, certain words and associated phrases can be helpful as a communication tool when you don’t have the time for an in-depth conversation. Here are some of the latest business buzzwords to help you expand your professional vocabulary or better understand them when thrown at you.
• Headwinds & Tailwinds. Headwinds are outside factors that get in the way of where you want to go. They can be macroeconomic factors like interest rates, or can be closer to home such as new regulations in your industry. Tailwinds are positive factors that help move something in a better direction for you, like a competitor getting out of the market or demand increasing for your product. It’s like riding your bike on a windy day – it's out of your control, but riding is so much easier with the wind at your back than in your face.
• Forcing Function. Ever get stuck in the middle of a project or have delays caused by someone not doing their part? A forcing function is a secondary action or factor related to the activity you are trying to accomplish that forces resolution or a decision. An example is an expiration date on a sales proposal. The date is the forcing function to ensure a decision is made on the proposal. This prevents the proposal from lingering indefinitely.
• Ecosystem. In business, an ecosystem is the collective group of people and organizations that comprise a given industry. To be in the ecosystem, an organization needs to have an impact on everything else within that ecosystem. For example, the tax preparation ecosystem is made up of clients, tax preparers, the IRS, state & local tax authorities, suppliers, and competitors. If something changes with anyone in this ecosystem, everyone involved is impacted in some way. To be successful in any industry, you need to understand the specifics that drive behavior in your industry’s ecosystem.
• Table Stakes. Like many business buzzwords, table stakes is a term first popularized at the poker table before finding a similar application elsewhere. It refers to the minimum functionality or service delivery that is expected for an offering in a given industry. Take streaming services like Netflix, for example. Table stakes include 24/7 access, original content, and subscription tiers. Without these features, a streamer's market share would quickly diminish.
• Value Proposition. Often referred to as a value prop for short, a value proposition is a concise statement that explains the value a business provides its customers, often in comparison with their competitors. It's essentially an elevator pitch designed to get a prospective customer interested in the business. Without a solid understanding and communication of the business's value proposition, all other benefits the company can offer may go by the wayside. So it’s very important to get this right.

While the business buzzwords presented here are general in nature, the ones you use may be industry- or tool-specific. So be aware of the buzzwords you use on a regular basis and make sure your audience also fully understands their meaning.

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Caiafa & Company, LLC

2 weeks ago

The Busy Business Owner: Get Back 15 Minutes a Day

Meetings, phone calls, emails, text messages, and water cooler conversations with your employees constantly bombard you as a business owner. Freeing up 15 minutes a day could dramatically improve both your workflow and peace of mind.

Here are some ideas for getting back 15 minutes every day:
• Use your phone. Whenever possible, use your phone instead of email. Oftentimes talking with someone directly is more efficient than spending the time to compose an email. Plus, email chains can fill your inbox and require precious minutes to read and decipher. Using the phone can also help avoid potential misunderstandings, as a person’s tone of voice conveys information that may be lost or misinterpreted when shared via a written message.
• Be brief with emails. Many tech entrepreneurs are known for their brief emails that consist of only several words. In situations where you do use email, consider crafting a response that is only several words in length. And remember the golden rule of emails: send fewer emails to receive fewer emails.
• Plan your meetings. Face-to-face time with colleagues, vendors, and customers is often productive and essential for growing a business. On the other hand, meetings can be a huge waste of time if not properly planned. Establish clear goals for a meeting in advance so your team can focus on priorities and get back to work.
• Minimize distractions. Business owners enjoy developing a rapport with their employees. These personal conversations, however, need to have boundaries so that both you and your employees can stay on task. Tell your team if there’s a day you don’t have time for small talk. Consider putting an old-fashioned Do Not Disturb sign on your door when you need to get things done.
• Delegate when possible. If you’re a small business owner who built a company from scratch, you may be reluctant to relinquish control over day-to-day operations. But failure to delegate can sap time from more important tasks like planning, building relationships with key vendors, and growing your customer base. So develop a plan to train your employees to assume more responsibility over time.
Fifteen minutes may not seem like much, but a busy business owner can work wonders with just a little more time every day.

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Caiafa & Company, LLC

3 weeks ago

5 Little-Known IRA Opportunities You Should Know About

IRAs can be a powerful tool to lower your taxes while helping you save for retirement. Here are 5 little-known opportunities about IRAs that can help you and other family members save even more when contributing your IRAs.
1. A nonworking spouse can have an IRA. If your spouse doesn't work, you may still be able to open and contribute to an IRA for your spouse, assuming that you work and file a joint tax return. This can be a great way to help reduce your taxable income each year.
2. Even children can have IRAs. If your child has earned income, you can open and contribute to an IRA. Just make sure you can document the earnings. While your child can contribute their own earnings, many parents will help keep track of things like babysitting money, then match those earnings in either a traditional or Roth IRA. Often the Roth IRA is preferred, because the future earnings could be tax free! Your child's IRA is managed by an adult until the child is old enough for the account to be transferred into their name.
3. You may still contribute to an IRA if you have a 401(k) or similar program at work. As long as you do not exceed the income limits, you can have both an IRA as well as other types of retirement savings plans.
4. Non-deductible contributions may be made. If you exceed certain income levels, contributions to your IRA won't be able to reduce your taxable income for the year. But you may still want to make after-tax contributions to a non-deductible IRA, as the earnings can still grow tax-deferred.
5. It's not just for retirement. With traditional IRAs, if you withdraw funds before the age of 59 1/2 you may be subject to income tax AND an early withdrawal penalty. But there are exceptions to this rule, including withdrawals for a first time home purchase, major medical bills, college costs, birth and adoption expenses, and others. However, it is important to know the rules BEFORE you withdraw the funds.
Tax rules surrounding IRAs are vast and complex. But within the rules are numerous situations that if you know they exist, can help you plan for a more tax-efficient future.

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